The properties of matter. Physical and chemical properties of the matter. Laws in chemistry. Stoichiometry: atomic mass unit, relative masses of atoms and molecules, molecular mass, the mole, Avogadros number, determine the formula of unknown compound, writing and balancing chemical equations. Chemical reactions. Structure of the atom. Electronic configurations. Periodic table of the elements. Atom size, ionization energy, electron affinity and electronegativity. Thermochemistry. Metallic bond. Closest-packed structures. Conductors, nonconductors and semicondutors. Ionic bond. Lattice energy. Born-Haber cycle. Properties of ionic compounds. Covalent bond. Lewis structures. Polar molecules and relative electronegativity. Molecular structure. Properties of covalent compounds. Intermolecular forces. Van der Waals forces. Hydrogen bonding. Influence on the physical properties of compounds. The solid state. Allotropy, polymorphism and isomorphism. Properties of the solid state. X-ray diffraction. Phase diagrams of pure substances. The liquid state. Properties. Gases. Nature of gases. Ideal and real gas. Acides and bases. The Arrhenius, Brönsted-Lowry and Lewis concept. Neutralization. Solutions. Solubility of ionic and covalent compounds. Solubility of gases. Raoults law. Colligative properties: vapor-pressure lowering, freezing-point depression, boiling-point elevation and osmotic pressure. Electrochemistry. Electrochemical cell. Cell voltage. Electrode potentials and electrolysis. Faradays laws.
Learning outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course students should be able to:
- specify and explain states of matter, physical and chemical properties of matter, and physical and chemical changes of matter
- explain electronic structure of the atom and correlate the distribution of electrons within the orbitals with properties of element and its position in the periodic table
- define and distinct types of the chemical bonds and types of the intermolecular forces
- describe and apply the ideal gas laws
- describe and understand colligative properties of the solutions
- distinct and explain chemical reactions in the voltaic and electrolytic cells
- solve simple numerical problems
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- M. S. Silberberg: Chemistry, 5. izd., McGraw-Hill, NewYork, 2009.
- M. Sikirica: Stehiometrija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 2008.
- R. Chang: Chemistry, 9. izd., McGraw-Hill, NewYork, 2007.
- I. Filipović, S. Lipanović: Opća i anorganska kemija I, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1991.
- I. Filipović, S. Lipanović: Opća i anorganska kemija II, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1991.
- D. Grdenić: Molekule i kristali, 5. obnovljeno i dopunjeno izdanje, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 2006.
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