1. Nucleophilic substitution on a saturated carbon atom: mechanisms and stereochemistry, effects of nucleophiles, leaving groups, substrate structures, solvents and neighbouring groups on the course of substitution; 2. Elimination reactions - alkenes and alkynes: mechanisms and stereochemistry of elimination reactions, competition of elimination and substitution reactions; 3. Addition reactions on unsaturated carbon atom: mechanism and stereochemistry of addition reactions, addition to conjugated dienes and conjugated carbonyl compounds, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis in addition reactions, addition to conjugated carbonyl compounds; 4. Pericyclic reactions: (4 + 2)-cycloaddition and dipolar cycloaddition, HOMO-LUMO method and correlation diagrams, electrocyclic reactions and sigmatropic partitioning; 5. Substitution reactions on aromatic compounds: aromaticity and antiaromaticity, effects of substituents on the rates and directions of reactions, reactions of heteroaromatic compounds; 6. Molecular rearrangements; 7. Reactions of radicals; 8. Synthesis of organic compounds: structural reactions and transformations of characteristic groups; 9. Natural organic compounds: carbohydrates, nucleotides, lipids, amino acids and proteins.
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